Hammertoes
Correcting Toe Deformities for Pain-Free Movement
Understanding and Treating Hammertoe Deformities
Hammertoes are a common foot deformity that causes one or more toes — usually the second, third, or fourth — to bend abnormally at the middle joint, creating a hammer-like or clawed appearance. This condition can start as a mild, flexible deformity but may become rigid and painful if left untreated. Early care can often restore comfort and prevent permanent stiffness.
Causes
Hammertoes form due to a muscle or tendon imbalance in the foot. When certain muscles overpower others, the affected toes curl downward and tighten over time.
Contributing factors include:
- Arthritis or nerve damage affecting muscle control
- Injury or trauma (stubbed or broken toe)
- Genetics or inherited foot structure
- Pressure from bunions pushing on nearby toes
- Improper footwear, such as high heels or narrow toe boxes
These factors can lead to constant pressure and friction inside the shoe, worsening pain and deformity.
Symptoms
The most noticeable sign of hammertoe is the upward bend of the middle toe joint. Other symptoms include:
- Corns and calluses on the top or between toes
- Redness, irritation, or inflammation
- Pain while wearing shoes or walking
- Limited mobility or stiffness in the affected toe
- Overlapping toes in more advanced cases
If untreated, the deformity can progress from flexible to rigid, making conservative treatment less effective.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the severity and flexibility of the hammertoe.
Non-Surgical Treatments:
- Wearing roomy, low-heeled shoes with a wide toe box
- Using orthotic inserts or pads to relieve pressure
- Applying corn pads or protective cushions
- Stretching and strengthening exercises to improve alignment
- Splints or straps to help hold the toe in a straightened position
Surgical Treatment:
If the deformity becomes fixed and painful, surgery may be recommended to realign the joint. Procedures may include:
- Tendon lengthening to release tight tissue
- Joint realignment or bone removal to restore toe position
Preventing Hammertoes
You can lower your risk by:
- Wearing properly fitted shoes that allow your toes to move freely
- Avoiding prolonged use of tight or high-heeled footwear
- Performing foot and toe stretches regularly
If you notice pain, stiffness, or visible curling in your toes, schedule an appointment with our podiatry team today. Early intervention can prevent worsening deformities and help restore natural movement and comfort.
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Ready to take the first step towards healthier, pain-free feet? Contact us to schedule an appointment or to learn more about our foot and ankle services. Our dedicated podiatric team is here to provide personalized care and answer any questions you may have about your lower extremity concerns. Reach out today and let us help you achieve optimal foot health and mobility for an active lifestyle.