Fungal Toenails (Foot Fungus)
Treating Persistent Toenail and Skin Fungal Infections
Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Treatments for Nail Fungus
Fungal toenails are one of the most common foot conditions seen in adults. These infections occur when fungi grow beneath the surface of the nail, often following skin infections like athlete’s foot. Over time, the nail can become thickened, discolored, and brittle.
Fungal infections thrive in warm, dark, and moist environments, making shoes and locker rooms ideal places for the fungus to grow and spread. Without treatment, the infection can worsen or spread to other nails.
Causes of Fungal Toenails
Toenail fungus develops when microscopic fungi invade the nail through small cracks or cuts. Common risk factors include:
- Walking barefoot in public areas (locker rooms, pools, showers)
- Wearing tight or non-breathable shoes
- Excessive sweating
- Nail or skin trauma
- Diabetes or circulation issues
- Weakened immune system
Because fungi multiply quickly, early treatment is key to preventing long-term nail damage.
Common Symptoms
Fungal toenail infections can vary in severity, but often include:
- Yellow or white discoloration of the nail
- Thickened or brittle nails
- Crumbly or distorted nail shape
- Debris buildup beneath the nail
- Foul odor or mild pain when pressure is applied
If left untreated, the infection can spread to other nails or the surrounding skin, leading to athlete’s foot or more persistent irritation.
Treatment Options
Treating fungal toenails takes time and consistency. Depending on the severity, treatment may include:
- Topical antifungal creams or medicated nail lacquers
- Oral antifungal medications for deeper infections
- Laser or debridement therapy to remove infected nail tissue
- Foot hygiene guidance, including:
- Keeping feet clean and dry
- Changing socks regularly
- Wearing breathable footwear
- Using antifungal sprays or powders
Severe cases may require partial or total nail removal to prevent reinfection and allow healthy regrowth.
If you notice thickened or discolored toenails, schedule an appointment with our podiatry team. Early diagnosis and treatment can restore healthy nails and prevent the infection from spreading.
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