Capsulitis
Inflammation of the Toe Joint Ligaments
Treating Forefoot Pain and Preventing Joint Damage
Capsulitis is the inflammation of the ligaments surrounding the joints at the base of the toes, most often affecting the second toe. This condition causes sharp or aching pain in the ball of the foot that worsens with walking, standing, or bending the toes. If left untreated, capsulitis can weaken the ligaments and eventually lead to toe dislocation or deformity.
Causes
Capsulitis develops when excessive stress or pressure is placed on the toe joints.
Common causes include:
- Repetitive activities that strain the forefoot (climbing, squatting, or kneeling)
- Wearing high heels or shoes with poor arch support
- Foot deformities such as bunions or long second toes
- Traumatic injury to the joint area
- Underlying conditions like arthritis or inflammatory joint disease
Over time, this repeated strain causes inflammation and pain around the affected joint capsule.
Symptoms
The most common symptom of capsulitis is persistent pain at the ball of the foot, especially beneath the second toe.
Additional signs may include:
- Swelling or redness near the toe joints
- Tenderness when walking barefoot
- Stiffness or limited range of motion in the toes
- Pain when pushing off the foot or bending the toes
Because capsulitis symptoms can mimic those of neuromas or metatarsalgia, a professional diagnosis is essential for proper treatment.
Treatment
Treatment focuses on reducing stress on the affected joint and preventing further damage.
Non-surgical options include:
- Applying ice and rest to reduce inflammation
- Wearing shoes with proper support and cushioned insoles
- Using metatarsal pads or custom orthotics to offload pressure
- Taking anti-inflammatory medications or receiving corticosteroid injections
If conservative care does not provide relief, surgical correction may be necessary to realign or shorten the affected bones.
Prevention
- Wear supportive, well-cushioned footwear
- Avoid prolonged high-heel use
- Stretch and strengthen your toes and arches
- Address foot deformities early to prevent joint overload
If you experience persistent pain near the ball of your foot or discomfort when walking, contact our office for a comprehensive evaluation and customized treatment plan.
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