Chilblains
Painful Reaction to Cold Temperatures
Treating and Preventing Chilblains on the Toes and Feet
Chilblains—also known as pernio or perniosis—are small, itchy, red bumps that form on the toes or pressure points of the feet after exposure to cold temperatures. As the skin rewarms, the lesions may turn blue, become swollen, and cause burning or pain. While chilblains are not typically serious, they can lead to discomfort and skin infection if left untreated.
Causes
Chilblains occur due to an abnormal vascular response to temperature changes. When feet are exposed to cold, small blood vessels constrict. If they are then warmed too quickly, the vessels fail to react in time, allowing blood to leak into nearby tissues—causing redness, swelling, and irritation.
You may be more susceptible to chilblains if you:
- Have poor circulation or anemia
- Experience hormonal changes
- Have connective tissue or bone marrow disorders
- Eat a diet lacking proper nutrition
- Are frequently exposed to cold, damp environments
Women are more commonly affected than men, and symptoms typically appear during the winter months.
Symptoms
Chilblains usually appear several hours after cold exposure. Common signs include:
- Itchy, red, or purple bumps on toes or feet
- Burning or stinging sensation when entering a warm area
- Dry, cracked, or peeling skin
- Swelling or tenderness at the affected site
If the skin cracks, infection can occur, leading to increased pain or discharge.
Treatment
Treatment focuses on
relieving symptoms and
improving circulation.
Your podiatrist may recommend:
- Applying cortisone or anti-itch creams to reduce irritation
- Using moisturizing lotion to improve circulation and prevent cracking
- Keeping the feet clean and protected to avoid infection
- Avoiding scratching, which can worsen inflammation or cause sores
If infection develops, antibiotics may be necessary.
Prevention
Preventing chilblains is largely about keeping your feet warm and dry.
- Wear insulated socks and thermal footwear in cold weather
- Warm your feet gradually—never place them directly near heaters
- Maintain good foot hygiene and dry feet thoroughly
- Consider cushioned insoles or wool liners for additional warmth
If you frequently experience chilblains or foot pain during cold months, schedule a consultation for evaluation and tailored prevention advice.
Start Your Journey to Wellness Today
Talk With Foot and Ankle Specialist Today!
Ready to take the first step towards healthier, pain-free feet? Contact us to schedule an appointment or to learn more about our foot and ankle services. Our dedicated podiatric team is here to provide personalized care and answer any questions you may have about your lower extremity concerns. Reach out today and let us help you achieve optimal foot health and mobility for an active lifestyle.